The use of typography to create an artwork is a quite extended phenomenon today, especially in the electronic media. Rejecting the prolonged understanding of immateriality of software, I argue that the code is a form of writing that is both material and creative further blurring the boundaries between different art disciplines. Lastly, code is a technique which could be used to create different types of visual outcomes. Second, the formal structure of programming languages does not prevent code from contributing to the creativity of language. First, linguistic representations are used in the creation of visual arts through the act of writing code. This relationship is explored further through an analysis of computer based generative artworks from which three conclusions can be drawn. Moreover, it emphasizes a relationship between text and image, both of which are blended together in digital representations. Thus, the dissertation views code as a language benefitting from structuralist and post-structuralist linguistic theories. Though it is a formalized and restricted way of communication, code enables communication between humans and machines. By bringing the code back into the surface, it is intended to (re)consider code’s functionality in the process of creating images. Computer code is mostly obscured by the graphical interfaces of the software. This dissertation aims to explore the role of computer code in the process of creating images. It also implies that writing cannot have evolved, at first, for supporting asynchronous communication. This would explain why synchronous, face-to-face communication always fosters the development of sophisticated codes (natural languages), but similar codes for asynchronous communication evolve with more difficulties. Asynchronous communication is intrinsically inefficient because asynchrony constrains the amount of information that the interlocutors share and limits possibilities for repair. We argue that this capacity is a rarity in non-literate societies, and not so frequent even in literate ones. Yet, writing systems will not automatically unlock the capacity to communicate asynchronously. This allows them to support asynchronous communication in a more powerful and versatile way than any other graphic code. Writing systems, unlike other graphic codes, work by encoding a natural language. They may only be used for mnemonic purposes or as props for oral communication in real-time encounters. Yet this capacity usually remains quite unexploited, because most graphic codes are insufficiently informative. This gives them the unique capacity to transmit information in one go across time and space. Like languages, graphic codes consist of stable, conventional mappings between symbols and meanings, but (unlike spoken or signed languages) their symbols consist of enduring images. We analyze writing as a special kind of graphic code. We present a theoretical framework bearing on the evolution of written communication.
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A key distinguishing factor of electro-funk is a de-emphasis on vocals, with more phrases than choruses and verses. In the 1980s, electro-funk was born when artists like Afrika Bambaataa, Man Parrish, and Egyptian Lover began making futuristic beats with the Roland TR-808 drum machine - often with robotic vocals distorted through a talk box. Both Collins and Clinton remain active and funkin', and have offered their timeless grooves to collabs with younger artists, including Kali Uchis, Silk Sonic, and Omar Apollo and Kendrick Lamar, Flying Lotus, and Thundercat, respectively. Legendary funk bassist Bootsy Collins learned the power of the one from playing in Brown's band, and brought it to George Clinton, who created P-funk, an expansive, Afrofuturistic, psychedelic exploration of funk with his various bands and projects, including Parliament-Funkadelic. Of course, many other funk acts followed in the '60s, and the genre thrived in the '70s and '80s as the disco craze came and went, and the originators of hip-hop and house music created new music from funk and disco's strong, flexible bones built for dancing. As David Cheal eloquently explains, playing on the one "left space for phrases and riffs, often syncopated around the beat, creating an intricate, interlocking grid which could go on and on." You know a funky bassline when you hear it its fat chords beg your body to get up and groove.īrown's 1965 classic, "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag," became one of the first funk hits, and has been endlessly sampled and covered over the years, along with his other groovy tracks. The Godfather of Soul coined the phrase and style of playing known as "on the one," where the first downbeat is emphasized, instead of the typical second and fourth beats in pop, soul and other styles. It's rare that a genre can be traced back to a single artist or group, but for funk, that was James Brown. Watch Lamar's full acceptance speech above, and check back at every Friday for more GRAMMY Rewind episodes.ġ0 Essential Facts To Know About GRAMMY-Winning Rapper J. Lamar has since won Best Rap Album two more times, taking home the golden gramophone in 2018 for his blockbuster LP DAMN., and in 2023 for his bold fifth album, Mr. He also won Best Music Video for the remix of Taylor Swift 's "Bad Blood." To Pimp a Butterfly singles "Alright" and "These Walls" earned Lamar three more GRAMMYs that night, the former winning Best Rap Performance and Best Rap Song and the latter taking Best Rap/Sung Collaboration (the song features Bilal, Anna Wise and Thundercat ). "We'd never forget that: Taking these kids out of the projects, out of Compton, and putting them right here on this stage, to be the best that they can be," Lamar - a Compton native himself - continued, leading into an impassioned conclusion spotlighting some of the cornerstone rap albums that came before To Pimp a Butterfly. Lamar specifically praised Top Dawg's CEO, Anthony Tiffith, for finding and developing raw talent that might not otherwise get the chance to pursue their musical dreams. He also extended his love and gratitude to his fiancée, Whitney Alford, and shouted out his Top Dawg Entertainment labelmates. Years from now, when we look back to the sounds that shaped 2023, the 15 songs below - listed by order of release - will definitely be remembered: Fifty Fifty - "Cupid" There’s a few blustering tracks, too, proving K-pop’s versatility and reinvention powers in a style that has been often overused. In terms of musical trends, retro sounds dominated the scene, taking inspiration from synth-pop, to disco, to Jersey club. Songs like Jung Kook ’s "Seven" featuring Latto, or Fifty Fifty’s "Cupid," were playing everywhere, from TikTok to Target stores.Īmidst so much content, what singles best defined this year? There’s mighty chart-toppers, such as NewJeans ’s "Super Shy" and AKMU’s "Love Lee," and sales monsters like Seventeen ’s "Super" and Jisoo’s "Flower." Of equal importance, there are also songs that entered our collective unconscious - whether for their flawless melodies, such as NCT DOJAEJUNG ’s "Perfume", or for their sassy irreverence, like (G)I-dle ’s "Queencard". K-pop tours crossed the globe, and acts like TWICE and BLACKPINK filled out stadiums. As the South Korean industry moves at lightning speed, new albums were released almost every day, and dozens of artists made their debuts.
For posts with Orion content, please follow the spoilers policy listed in our rules and flair your post as "Spoilers" and use the in-built Reddit Spoilers tag. Please flair your post with the appropriate flair when submitting. LEVEL-5 Online Event 'LEVEL5 VISION 2023 II' Confirmed for Wednesday, November 29, 2023, from 9:00 PM (JST) Check here for other videos. So maybe the Author of Inazuma Eleven didnt allow for it to be dubbed. And Orion was said to be the final season. The game should been released by the time Ares finished. 'INAZUMA ELEVEN: Victory Road' Notice of Release Date Change. They have been focusing on the game 'Inazuma Eleven: Victory Road of Heroes'. Any promotional posts beyond the first one must be approved by a moderator.Ī guide to our flairs can be found here. New trailers 'PV4' & 'Strategy Meeting VS Eastwind Peregrine' have been released 2023.11.29.
However, OSHA does require employers to perform an arc flash hazard analysis to determine the potential risk of an arc flash event and the incident energy level that could result from it. OSHA does not specify a required frequency for performing an arc flash study. How often does OSHA require an arc flash study? The training must be provided to employees before they begin work and periodically after that to ensure they are aware of the hazards and how to protect themselves from electrical hazards. This training must include electrical safety-related work practices, PPE use, and lockout/tagout procedures. OSHA requires employers to provide training for employees working on or near exposed energized parts. PPE includes flame-resistant arc-rated clothing, eye and face protection, and insulated gloves. The level of PPE required depends on the incident energy level and the specific work being performed. A qualified person must perform the arc flash hazard analysis.Įmployers must provide appropriate PPE to protect employees from arc flash hazards with minimum arc ratings. Incident energy could be released during an arc flash, measured in cal/cm². This analysis helps to determine the risk of an arc flash occurring and the incident energy level that could result from an arc flash. Employers can use these guidelines to protect workers from electrical hazards.Įmployers must conduct an arc flash hazard analysis to protect employees from arc flash hazards. This standard provides guidance on electrical safety-related work practices, including arc flash hazard analysis, arc flash PPE, and training requirements. OSHA also recognizes consensus standards like the National Fire Protection Association's (NFPA) 70E standard. A qualified person has the necessary skills and knowledge to work safely on electrical systems. In addition, OSHA requires employees who work with electricity to be qualified and trained to work safely. These safety-related work practices include using PPE and following specific procedures to prevent electrical hazards. OSHA also requires employers to provide safety-related work practices for employees working on or near exposed energized parts. This standard requires employers to ensure that machines or energized electric equipment are properly de-energized and locked or tagged out during maintenance, servicing, or repair to prevent accidental startup or release of stored energy. One such standard is the Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) standard. OSHA has specific standards for electrical safety that employers must follow to protect their employees from arc flashes and electric shock hazards. To prevent electric shock, workers must be provided with the appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and follow safety procedures. This can result in internal burns, heart fibrillation, or death. Electric shock occurs when an electrical current passes through the body. OSHA considers an arc flash hazard to exist when the incident energy level is equal to or greater than 1.2 calories per square centimeter (cal/cm²).Įlectric Shock Hazard Electric shock is another significant electrical hazard workers face when working with exposed energized parts. An arc flash can occur when electricity jumps from an energized source to another point of lower resistance. It can cause significant injury to workers or even death. This article will discuss OSHA arc flash requirements and provide an overview of the keywords you should know.Īn arc flash is a sudden and violent release of electrical energy that can create intense heat, bright light, and explosive pressure. Therefore, OSHA has set guidelines that require employers to implement safety measures to protect their workers from this hazard. One such hazard is the risk of electric arc flash, which can result in significant injury or even death. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mandates specific safe work practice guidelines for employers to ensure that employees are safe from electrical hazards. Electrical safety is critical to maintaining a safe and healthy work environment. "Music Talk" (on later pressings) (from Up-Tight)ī/w "Purple Rain Drops" (Non-album track)ī-side of "Nothing's Too Good for My Baby"ī/w "The Miracle of Christmas" (Non-album track, later included on Someday at Christmas (expanded edition) (2003))ī-side of "Travelin' Man" (from Stevie Wonder's Greatest Hits Vol. The above seven tracks released as Little Stevie Wonderī/w "Funny How Time Slips Away" (on first pressings) "I Call It Pretty Music but the Old People Call It the Blues - Part 1"ī/w "Thank You (For Loving Me All the Way)" (from Looking Back) Singles 1962–1969 List of 1960s singles, with selected peak chart positions and certificationsīoth sides from same album except where indicated The Best of Christmas (Fantastic Relaxing Songs) Stevie Wonder's Journey Through "The Secret Life of Plants" (soundtrack)Ĭompilation albums List of compilation albums, with selected details, peak chart positions and certificationsĢ0th Century Masters The Christmas Collectionįantastic Music for Christmas (All the Greatest Tracks) Recorded Live: The 12 Year Old Genius (live) Wonder is eighth on the list of artists with the most number-ones on the US Billboard Hot 100.Īlbums Studio, live and soundtrack albums List of studio, live and soundtrack albums, with selected details, peak chart positions and certifications There are 11 official compilation albums in addition, a box set, The Complete Stevie Wonder, was released in 2005. Wonder has 30 main album releases, all of which are single albums, apart from Songs in the Key of Life, which was released as a double album with a bonus four track EP. Wonder has had ten US number-one hits on the pop charts, as well as 20 R&B number one hits, and has sold over 100 million records, 19.5 million of which are albums he is one of the top 60 best-selling music artists with combined sales of singles and albums. His first album, The Jazz Soul of Little Stevie, was released in 1962 when he was 12 years old, and his most recent, A Time to Love, was released in 2005. In subsequent performances, Stevie Wonder has tweaked the song's lyrics to honor other influential figures, notably at the 2009 Nelson Mandela Day and the Diamond Jubilee Concert for Queen Elizabeth II in 2012.American musician Stevie Wonder has released 23 studio albums, three soundtrack albums, four live albums, 11 compilations, one box set, and 91 Happy Birthday - Stevie Wonder - MP3 instrumental karaoke This title is a cover of Happy Birthday as made famous by Stevie Wonder Tempo: variable (around 116 BPM) In the same key as the original: C, D This song ends without fade out Duration: 06:06 - Preview at: 02:11 Instrumental Version MP3 With backing vocals Key 0 1. Stevie Wonder's dedication led to the Rally for Peace Press Conference in 1981, culminating in President Ronald Reagan signing the holiday into law on November 2, 1983. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright. The song is famous for Stevie Wonder's innovative use of the keyboard synthesizer, creating a celebratory atmosphere that invites listeners to join the cause. Although not released in the United States, it attained significant popularity in the UK, reaching Number 2 on the UK Singles Chart. Label: Motown TMS 566 Format: Vinyl, 7, 45 RPM, Single Country: South Africa Released: 1981 Genre: Funk / Soul Style: Disco. Released in 1980 as a part of Stevie Wonder’s album Hotter Than July, Happy Birthday served as an unofficial commercial to rally support for a petition to establish a national holiday in honor of Martin Luther King Jr. " Happy Birthday" was first released in June 1981 as the fourth single from Stevie Wonder's acclaimed 1980 album, Hotter than July. SKU: SI22091438 Category: 7 Inch Singles Tags: Disco, Funk / Soul, Stevie Wonder. Its origins are rooted in activism, reflecting Stevie Wonder's commitment to social issues. Buy and download the multi-track instrumental version of the song Happy birthday - Stevie Wonder (INSTRUMENTAL) in pro. It was written to support the campaign to declare Martin Luther King Jr.'s birthday a national holiday and over the years has become a popular birthday anthem. Happy Birthday Stevie Wonder 4:29 128 kbps-Happy Birthday 4 Stevie Wonder 6:16 252 kbps-Happy Birthday To You Stevie Wonder 5:44 192 kbps-Happy Birthday 2 Stevie Wonder 5:56 192 kbps-Happy Birthday 1:30 128 kbps-Happy Birthday Joe Dassin 4:57 320 kbps + b.v. " Happy Birthday" is a song by American singer and songwriter Stevie Wonder, standing as one of his most iconic and enduring songs. The Indian festival of Diwali, for example, which takes place between October and November, celebrates the triumph of righteousness, and light over darkness. "In a similar way to the Autumnal theme, Winter festivals celebrate the return of the light during a time of deepest physical darkness," said De Rossi. Animals find ways to warm themselves and may have changed their appearance to adapt. Some areas may experience snow or ice, while others see only cold rain. The roots of the Latin name are obscure, but it was first recorded in the English language from the late 1300s. According to, the word autumn comes from the old French word 'autompne', which itself originated from the Latin 'autumnus'. Why is it called autumn instead of fall?īoth 'autumn' and 'fall' are words used in the English language to describe the season that starts on 1 September in the Northern Hemisphere, with fall being commonly used in American English. "Thanksgiving in the United States is a historical commemoration but it has a spiritual dimension strongly associated with homecoming and giving praise for what has been bestowed upon us," Cristina De Rossi, an anthropologist at Barnet and Southgate College in London, told Live Science. Various cultures have celebrated bountiful harvests with annual festivals. Animals might prepare themselves for the upcoming cold weather, storing food or traveling to warmer regions. In the autumn, or fall, temperatures cool again. was 74.0 degrees Fahrenheit (23.3 degrees Celsius), 2.6 degrees above average, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Historically, the heatwave during the Dust Bowl Summer of 1936 was considered the hottest summer on record, but in 2021 the average summer temperature of the contiguous U.S. “But no, we are not affiliated.In the Northern Hemisphere, summer starts on June 1 and runs to August 31 What is the hottest summer on record? “We happen to have the same name as the other one,” he said. Blumel’s phone blew up with texts from friends and acquaintances asking the obvious question: Is this, in any way at all, related to you? A few days after the vote, Giuliani held his infamous presser at the similarly named Four Seasons Total Landscaping, turning an obscure company into an emblem of the shambolic conspiracy hunts that were to follow. Joe Biden won.Įxcept, it wasn’t so simple. Blumel said that the event he worked on took place but that the president’s daughter Ivanka Trump and his son-in-law Jared Kushner attended instead of him.Īnd that, Blumel thought, was that. The scrambling of two West Coast fundraisers: a $25,000-a-plate event in Beverly Hills and a $2,800-a-plate one at a private Newport Beach residence. Indeed, Trump’s illness - which was so serious that he had to be moved to Walter Reed National Military Medical Center - led to But he did reveal that one major hiccup fouled up the planning. He did not say where specifically, citing a nondisclosure agreement with the client. In a phone interview, Dan Blumel, the owner of Four Seasons Landscape and Property Services, relayed that the event for which his company did work took place in October. In fact, they were two separate Trump campaign events, each involving a landscaping company named Four Seasons. Speculation that this was the bill for the Giuliani presser. It showed up for the first time in a campaign finance report filed by Trump Victory on Saturday and immediately led to The total was paid by Trump Victory - a joint fundraising venture of the RNC and the Trump campaign - on Dec. The Santa Clarita-based company charged the committee $48,515.78 for the job. Sometime in late September, the Republican National Committee booked an event staging and property company called Four Seasons Landscape and Property Services to spruce up a location for a West Coast fundraising swing for then-President Donald Trump. Subscribe on Apple Podcasts | Subscribe on Google Podcasts The row and column range is the number of cells spread across the row and columns. The cell address is represented by single row number with different columns. The row range is the number of cells spread across the row. The cell address is represented by single column letter and multiple row number in a sequence. The column range is the number of cells spread across the column. Range of cells: A block of adjacent cells in a worksheet which is highlighted or selected is called a range of cells.
It's just east of Golden Temple, but as usual, this hot spring is atop a cliff. This is another one that's very close to a town. Head up the mountain at Winding Trail in Ariake, south of Golden Temple, to find this hot spring. Head northwest from Shigenori's Peak and climb into the cliffs to find it. Most hot springs are located up high with spectacular views, and that's where you'll find Carved Mountain Hot Spring. Look for this one on the southern coast of the Umugi region, east of the River Child's Wetlands area. Go north of the keep in the stronghold to find this hot spring, not far from the town. Once you've completed The Walls of Yarikawa tale in Act 2, you'll gain access to Yarikawa Stronghold. You'll find this one not far southeast of Azure Pond in Tsutsu. It's straight east of Fort Nakayama.Ĭheck just north of Archer's Rise in Azamo. Straight south of Castle Kaneda a fairly long way in Hiyoshi, you'll find this hot spring up in the cliffs overlooking the castle. Head northeast from Old Woodsman's Canopy between Komoda and Hiyoshi, almost straight west from Izuhara Clearing (but a little north). Speak to her and you can utilize the first hot spring in the game. Look for a woman in red near the springs, not far from the inn (you'll need to talk to the innkeeper to find Ishikawa's dojo). Unlike the other hot springs, this one doesn't have an icon on your map. The first hot spring you'll find is in Hiyoshi Springs, where you'll go for the Tale of Sensei Ishikawa in Act 1. |
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